Drilling underground – Dr Jens Holtvoeth

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Last week, a team around Dr Jens Holtvoeth , including 3rd-year BSc students Connor Bishop and Matthew Oliver Jinks and environmental technician Miles Dimbleby, took part in this year’s Mine Analogue Research event (MINAR XI) at the UKRI Underground Laboratory in the ICL Polyhalite and Salt mine at Boulby. Every year, this two-week event brings together national and international teams of scientists, working on a wide range of subjects related to space exploration and extreme environments, for which the Underground Lab and its surroundings 1,000m below the surface provide ideal conditions.

The purpose of Team Teesside’s visit was to drill and recover intact large diameter salt cores from the so-called polygon layer. This deposit formed in the late Permian during the evaporation of the Zechstein Sea, about 250 million years ago, and is the main layer of halite (NaCl) at Boulby. It prominently features backfilled desiccation cracks from a sea-level lowstand that now appear as dark polygons in the ceiling of the many tunnels in the mine. Traces of organic matter preserved in the salt and the backfill material carry information on the microbial communities living in the brine at the time and the vegetation on the nearby land, which reflect the environmental conditions.

One of the aims of Dr Holtvoeth’s research is to produce a biogeochemical fingerprint of microbial biomass preserved in the ancient evaporites and to see how this relates to microbes living in modern brines in the mine. The modern microbial community will be further characterised through their DNA, which is the responsibility of Dr Caroline Orr. Such a biogeochemical characterisation will help collaborators at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory to interpret data produced from the same sample material by an optical analytical tool (Raman spectrometer), which they are currently developing for the next generation Mars rover. If microbial life ever existed on Mars, the evaporating Martian oceans would have been the last places where it could have been found. Thus, evaporites are a prime study target in the search for life on Mars.

A number of technical issues have hampered progress so far. Last week, the team had to abandon their sampling campaign due to electrical problems. It turns out that drilling and recovering a large-diameter salt core is a lot harder than anyone had anticipated. However, with the continuing support of the UKRI Underground Laboratory and the mine operators the team hopes to succeed next time.

 

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The One Fifteen: How do we tell the story of a River

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When is this amazing talk on?

It’s on 22 November, 1.15pm-2pm in the MIMA Study Centre – a rare chance to hear MIMA’s curators talk about the process of narrating an environment, the River Tees, and engaging with communities to do so.

Great if you and any of your students would like to come. Booking helps us – booking is at www.tees.ac.uk/events

Northumbrian Water’s ‘Restore and Regenerate’ Strategy: Paving the Way for Sustainable Environmental Management

Published on by Lisa

On October 11, 2023, the TU Earth & Environment Research Group had the privilege of hosting Dr. Zoë Frogbrook, Head of Environment and Sustainability at Northumbrian Water. She unveiled ‘Restore and Regenerate,’ Northumbrian Water’s ambitious environmental management strategy spanning all the way to 2050.

Through this strategy, Northumbrian Water, in partnership with the Coal Authority, the Rivers Trust, and other NE environmental management organisations, are developing ground-breaking nature-based solutions that complement and potentially outperform traditional (end-of-pipe and hard engineering) wastewater management approaches.

During her talk, Dr. Frogbrook stressed the importance of environmental monitoring data to evaluate the effectiveness of nature-based solutions under development, such as those addressing nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorous) pollution in rivers and flood risk. She also emphasised the need to assess biodiversity at Northumbrian Water sites to establish a baseline for future improvement.

The TU Earth & Environment Research Group explored with Dr. Frogbrook the potential for  PhD funding opportunities through Northumbrian Water. There are also a wealth of potential research projects for our Teesside University students offering real-world employable skills to our future graduates. A partnership between Northumbrian Water and TU Earth & Environment Group promises to advance environmental sustainability within the water industry in the northeast. As Dr. Frogbrook aptly pointed out, ‘sustain’ implies maintaining the status quo, but Northumbrian Water and the TU Earth & Environment Group share a vision of progress to enhance the environment for future generations. There’s no time to stand still.

Navigating the Future of Cocoa Sustainability report – Dr Oluseye Oludoye

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ICCF2023: Navigating the Future of Cocoa Sustainability

The International Cocoa and Chocolate Forum, ICCF2023, held over two insightful days, delved deep into the heart of the cocoa industry, addressing pressing issues and forging a path towards a more sustainable future. Organized by the International Cocoa Diplomacy (ICD), this conference served as a platform for the scholarly exchange of ideas, addressing the pressing challenges faced by the cocoa industry and paving the way towards a more sustainable future.

Exploring the Conference Theme

ICCF2023 was built around a central theme – “The new EU policy, its effect on cocoa-producing regions, and the way forward for the global cocoa trade and industry that supports transformation with regards to the resilience of cocoa farmers.” This overarching theme shaped the discussions and provided a robust framework for academic exploration. Under the overarching theme the conference was a confluence of knowledge, ideas, and a resounding call to action.

Day 1: Seeds of Transformation

On the first day of ICCF2023, Dr Oluseye Oludoye had the honor of being one of the keynote speakers on the first day, presenting on the topic of “Good Agricultural Practices for Sustainable and Quality Cocoa Production.” His presentation was a highlight, shedding light on essential practices for the sustainable and high-quality production of cocoa. Also, other speakers including Soji Sanyaolu, Patrick Adebola, Chantal Coady OBE, Lynn Lockwood, Carrie Pemberton Ford Ph.D., Lorna Marah, Lisette Davis, Gbolahan Peter Macjob, and Jules Achard, shared their expertise on topics ranging from “Good Agricultural Practices” to “Sustainable and Traceable Practices.” The day’s discourse explored critical issues, including “Addressing global resource gaps,” “Utilization of technology/AI and incentivizing new generation farmers,” “The role of media in bridging the gap between producing and consuming regions,” and “How to address social issues around slavery, human trafficking, child, and forced labor.”

Day 2: Unraveling Challenges and Opportunities

Day 2 marked a deep dive into the European Union’s Directive on Sustainable Cocoa (EUDR). The conference tackled EUDR compliance, the industry’s responsibility, and the timelines for its implementation. This day was instrumental in aligning the cocoa industry with evolving global policies and standards. The second day was equally remarkable, with Dr Oluseye Oludoye actively engaging in a roundtable discussion that centered around the theme “Social responsibility or social investment? Defining the role of key stakeholders along the cocoa value chain from production to consumption for positive social impact.” His insightful contributions added depth to the discussions on the crucial role of stakeholders in driving positive social change throughout the cocoa value chain.

Discussions didn’t stop there; they extended to examine the positive or lack of impact and effectiveness of sustainability labels, offering a critical assessment of investment opportunities within the global cocoa industry. A central theme revolved around redefining the role of key stakeholders along the cocoa value chain, shifting focus towards investment rather than purely social responsibility for a positive social impact. A pivotal question posed was whether achieving value addition in cocoa production regions was an achievable reality or a mere myth. Other second day’s discussant including Antonie Fountain, Robin Dand Fuad Mohammed Abubakar, Dela Akuffo, Lynn Lockwood, Carrie Pemberton Ford Ph.D., Soji Sanyaolu, Patrick Adebola, Jules Achard, Francis Anatogu, and Clay Gordon, delved into these discussions, closing the evening with a “Call to Action” Presentation of ICD.

A Transformative Conclusion: ICCF2023 and Beyond

The International Cocoa and Chocolate Forum, ICCF2023, was more than a conference; it was a catalyst for change. As the event came to a close, it left attendees inspired, informed, and motivated to drive positive transformations within the cocoa industry.

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New paper: A new member of the Nudiviridae from the Florida stone crab (Menippe mercenaria)

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Highlights

  • Nudiviruses are present in a range of fished crustaceans, including Menippe mercenaria.

  • This novel nudivirus expands the Nudiviridae and Gammanudivirus genus.

  • Pathologically, the virus causes hepatopancreatic damage and may affect the fishery.
  • Similar gene synteny appears to be maintained in gammanudiviruses from geographically related hosts.

Abstract

Menippe mercenaria, the Florida stone crab, supports an unconventional fishery across the southern USA and Caribbean that involves claw-removal and the return of de-clawed animals to the sea. We provide pathological, ultrastructural, and genomic detail for a novel hepatopancreatic, nucleus-specific virus – Menippe mercenaria nudivirus (MmNV) – isolated from M. mercenaria, captured during fisheries-independent monitoring.

The virus has a genome of 99,336 bp and encodes 84 predicted protein coding genes and shows greatest similarity to Aratus pisonii nudivirus (ApNV) (<60% protein similarity and 31 shared genes of greatest similarity), collected from the Florida Keys, USA. MmNV is a member of the Gammanudivirus genus (Naldaviricetes: Lefavirales: Nudiviridae). Comparisons of virus genome size, preferred host environment, and gene number revealed no clear associations between the viral traits and phylogenetic position. Evolution of the virus alongside the diversification of host taxa, with the potential for host-switching, remain more likely evolutionary pathways.

New paper: Florida stone crab – Dr Jamie Bojko

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A new member of the Nudiviridae from the Florida stone crab (Menippe mercenaria)

Menippe mercenaria, the Florida stone crab, supports an unconventional fishery across the southern USA and Caribbean that involves claw-removal and the return of de-clawed animals to the sea. We provide pathological, ultrastructural, and genomic detail for a novel hepatopancreatic, nucleus-specific virus – Menippe mercenaria nudivirus (MmNV) – isolated from M. mercenaria, captured during fisheries-independent monitoring.

The virus has a genome of 99,336 bp and encodes 84 predicted protein coding genes and shows greatest similarity to Aratus pisonii nudivirus (ApNV) (<60% protein similarity and 31 shared genes of greatest similarity), collected from the Florida Keys, USA. MmNV is a member of the Gammanudivirus genus (Naldaviricetes: Lefavirales: Nudiviridae). Comparisons of virus genome size, preferred host environment, and gene number revealed no clear associations between the viral traits and phylogenetic position. Evolution of the virus alongside the diversification of host taxa, with the potential for host-switching, remain more likely evolutionary pathways.

A new member of the Nudiviridae from the Florida stone crab (Menippe mercenaria) – ScienceDirect

Best of 2022 paper – Dr Jamie Bojko

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In a recent “best-of-2022” release by the journal ‘ Trends in Parasitology’, Dr Jamie Bojko and colleagues’ contribution was highlighted as one of the most influential papers on parasitology. Their manuscript explores the history of microsporidian taxonomy, and provides an up-to-date perspective on well-studied species, highlighting the future of the field and how a stable taxonomy is needed to provide consensus information for all research teams involved, from human pathologists through to marine scientists.

Open access link: https://www.cell.com/trends/parasitology/collections/best-of-2022

 

ISBA – New Horizons in Biomolecular Archaeology

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Dr Caroline Orr and Dr Gillian Taylor both attended ISBA10 in Tartu – 13-16th September 2023. This three day meeting was attended by over 400 researchers, presenting genomic and proteomic work and gave us the opportunity to explore Estonian peat bogs.

Dr Orr presented ‘Reconstructing Microbial Communities Within Roman Turf Ramparts: A Proof-of-Concept Study’ show casing our latest work combining techniques to aid our understanding of processes such as nutrient cycling. Our collaborators were Ben Russell (University of Edinburgh), Tom Gardner (Historic Environment Scotland), Andrew Birley (Vindolanda Trust) and Tanja Romankiewicz (University of Edinburgh).

Dr Taylor presented ‘Species Analysis of Roman Leather Tents from Vindolanda, UK’ the first results from an exciting new proteomics project, involving our collaborators Rhiannon Steven (UCL), Barbara Birley (Vindolanda Trust) and Elizabeth Greene (University of Western Ontario).

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Welcome – New lecturer Dr Oluseye Oludoye

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Dr Oluseye Oludoye currently serves as a Lecturer in Environmental Science at Teesside University, UK, where he is dedicated to the trifecta of education, research, and administrative roles. His primary research interests revolve around pro-environmental behaviour, with a keen focus on effective waste management and promoting agricultural sustainability. Before joining Teesside University, he had the privilege of being a postdoctoral research fellow at Chulalongkorn University in Bangkok, Thailand. There, he delved deep into researching pro-environmental behaviour of single-use plastic waste management.
With over a decade of experience, he had the opportunity to work across various sectors as an agri-environmental researcher, educator, and consultant. He had successfully executed funded research projects and shared his insights at international conferences, workshops, and seminars.
His dedication to research is reflected in my authorship of several publications in esteemed international journals. He has received numerous honours and awards throughout his career, including a Scholarship Award from the United Nations University-Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability (UNU-IAS), Tokyo, Japan, in 2019. He recently received the prestigious Swiss Government Excellence Scholarship (2023) which bolsters my commitment to advancing sustainability on a global scale.

Earth and Environment Group photo

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Before the start of the new academic term, the Earth and Environment team has a lovely get together, discussing the exciting plans for the year ahead.

left to right..

Dr Gillian Taylor (group lead), Dr Ernesto Saiz val, Dr Craig McBeth, Dr Haliza Hassan, Amy Burgess, Dr Rhys Williams, Dr Becki Scott, Dr Lisa Baldini, Dr Pablo Cubillas Gonzalez, Dr Ambroise Baker, Dr Caroline Orr, Dr Desire Dalton, Alison Reid, Dr Kerry Pettigrew, Dr Chris Ennis, Dr David Wright.